Books Currently Available
May 2008

ROBERT HAND
Night and Day: Planetary Sect in Astrology
$10.95 US

Night and Day in print since 1995 is the first work to introduce in any detail the ancient and medieval doctrines of sect. The sects were the followers of the Sun and of the Moon respectively from among the planets. But the most important aspect of the doctrine is way in which charts of daytime and nighttime births are read differently. Sect issues affect dignities, and even the manner of reading the individual planets. The text is aimed at any astrologer who has a reasonable basic knowledge of modern astrology. No extensive knowledge of traditional astrology is required.

The contents include basic introductory material and definitions understandable by anyone with a decent knowledge of modern astrology, plus case studies, a discussion of the ways in which the various planets change their meanings in day and night charts, and several other issues affected by sect such as the computation of the Parts, planetary periods, and calculations involving health and life-expectancy.

68 Pages Comb-bound or Saddle-stitched Paper -- Now Available

ROBERT HAND Compiler
Chronology of the Astrology of the Middle East and the West by Period
$4.95

The newly revised and expanded version of the Chronology is a compilation in outline form of the major events in the history of astrology along with the major events of the history of the time. The sections covered are as follows:

• I. Early Period -- From the early roots in Mesopotamia up to the development of Horoscopic astrology.
• II. Early Greek Period -- The Pre-Socratics through Aristotle.
• III. Hellenistic Period -- The founding period of horoscopic astrology in Egypt up until the Roman Period.
• IV. The Roman Era -- The high point of Greek language astrology up until the fall of the Western Empire.
• V. The ByzantinePeriod -- Greek language astrology after the fall of the Western Empire in Byzantium.
• VI. The Classical Period in the Middle East -- The rise and fall of the various empires in the Middle East up until the advent of Islam.
• VII. The ArabicEra -- The high point of Arabic language astrology in which Western astrology assumed something like its current form.
• VIII. The Latin Period -- The period of the transmission of astrology from the Arabic world to the Latin West.
• IX.Renaissance -- The high point of astrology in the Latin West and the beginning of efforts to reform and remodel astrology.
• X. The English Period and the Decline -- The period of Lilly and Placidus in which astrology reached a peak in theEnglish world and began the decline from being a generally recognized discipline

In addition there has been added a revised version of my essay on the origins of astrology in ancient times now entitled"On the Roots of Horoscopic Astrology." This essay clarifies an number of murky areas in the early history of astrology such as where astrology originated and what is the relationship between Western and Eastern astrology.

38 Pages Paper -- Now Available

ROBERT HAND, translator
Masha'allah: On Reception
$18.95 US ISBN: 0-9662266-2-3

This is one of the earliest texts that we have of horary astrology. Not only that but it has fully worked out examples. For all students of traditional horary, this is a must especially since it challenges basic principles commonly found in later works.

Summary of Contents

• Introduction by the translator -- Introduces the book and some of the more important methods by which Masha'allah analyzes a question.
• Introduction -- Here begins the Book of Masha'allah On Reception." The sectionbriefly sets forth the objectives of the book.
• "Chapter I: What is Reception?" This chapter defines reception which is thecornerstone of the method of this book.
• "Chapter II: Concerning Whether a Matter about Which One Has Hopes Will BeAccomplished or Not." This chapter describes Masha'allah teachings concerningperfection, what accomplishement and what does not. The method of relaying disposition by means of successive applications is introduced as well as a method for determining which better indicates the querent, the ruler of the Ascendant, or the Moon.
• "Chapter III: Concerning Whether One Who Is Ill Will Be Delivered or Will Die." This is the first of two case studies onsomeone suffering from an illness. A complete description of how Masha'allah deals with such a question. This is the firstof six of completely worked out chart examples, one of the features of this book which makes it so valuable for students of traditional horary methods.
• "Chapter IV: A Question Concerning an Ill Person." This is a second case study on illness. This case study has been placedon this website in full. Chapter from Masha'allah on Horary
• "Chapter V, Concerning Substance." This chapter deals with questions concerning getting substance (i.e., money or otherforms of wealth) at some future time regardless of the source.
• "Chapter VI, Concerning Money Which Has Been Lent." The subject of the chapter should be self-evident!
• "Chapter VII, An Interrogation Concerning Things Left by a Certain Dead Person." This is another case study whichconcerns inheritance.
• "Chapter VIII, Concerning Kingship, Whether It Will Be Acquired." This is a general introduction to the matter of whetheror not a querent will obtain a kingship or other high office. Today we might apply the same logic to getting a job or apromotion if such a job or promotion involves a sufficiently high-status position.
• "Chapter IX, A Question Concerning Kingship." This is the first of three case studies involving the acquisition of high office.
• "Chapter X, A Question Concerning Kingship." This is the second of the three case studies involving the acquisition of high office.
• "Chapter XI, Concerning the Discovery of the Hyleg." This chapter comes right in the middle of all the proceeding and following horary material. This chapter is straight natal astrology and does not seemingly belong in this text. But it is hereand it seems to come from a separate tradition not closely related to the Book of Nativities attributed to the same author.
• "Chapter XII, A Question Concerning a Kingship." This is the third and by far most elaborate case study involving high office. This study shows just how much one can squeeze out of a simple chart involving only seven planets.
• Appendix: The Charts of On Reception, Technical Details. This is contributed by your translator. It is a technical analysis in modern language of the most important details pertaining to Masha'allah's methods. The section also investigates questions of house division, zodiac and other technical details. This should be very useful to help those who have a bit of trouble with learning techniques directly from translations.

98 Pages: Perfect-bound Paper -- Now Available.

Just Published
The First English Translation Ever of
Avraham Ibn Ezra's
The Book of Nativities and Revolutions
Translated from Hebrew Manuscripts by
Meira Epstein

MEIRA EPSTEIN Translator, with annotations by MEIRA EPSTEIN and ROBERT HAND

Ibn Ezra: The Book of Nativities and Revolutions
$24.95 US  ISBN: 978-1-934464-01-4
Translated from the Original Hebrew

(From the translator’s introduction) Rabbi Avraham Ben Meir Ibn Ezra (1089-1164) was a renowned Jewish scholar, whose accomplish-ments and prolific writing encompassed Biblical exegeses, Hebrew grammar, personal, national and liturgical poetry, philosophy, mathematics, geometry, astronomy and astrology.
    Ibn Ezra was born in Tudela, Spain, but spent most of his adult life wandering throughout the Jewish communities in southern Spain, North Africa, Italy, France and England. It was Italy and France (about 1140 – 1160) where he wrote his astrological works.
    The Book of Nativities and Revolutions (Sefer Ha’Moladot)  is the third publication in the series of English translations of Avraham Ibn Ezra’s astrological works. The other two are The Beginning of Wisdom (Reshit Hokhma), ARHAT 1998, and The Book of Reasons (Sefer Ha’Te’amim), 1994 (soon to be re-issued in a revised edition by ARHAT). Together, these three, written by Ibn Ezra in this sequence, make one integral body of the basic astrological doctrine: Introduction of fundamentals, further theoretical explanations and the application to the individual birth chart. Here is a partial Table of Contents:

• Introduction
  About the HebrewTitle: Sefer Ha’Moladot Ve’ha’Tequfot
  The Text and the Manuscripts
  Editing the Manuscript
  The Translation
  The Contents
  Where Astrology Meets Religion and Philosophy
• Editorial Notes by Robert Hand

The Book of Nativities and Revolutions

• Introductory Matters: Overall Considerations Before Judgment
• The Equation (Computation) of the Nativity
  Rectification by the Nimodar (Animodar)
• The Equations (Trutine) of Enoch
• The First House
  Topics include: Temperament, The Ruler of the Nativity, Physical Appearance.
• The Testimonies
  Topics  include: The Years of Rearing, Character and Personality, The Measure of Life by the Years of the Planets, The Measure of Life by Directions, The Places of Abscission or Cutting Off Life
• The Second House
  Topics include: Sources and Timing of Material Benefit and Wealth, Ptolemy’s Ages of Life, Additional Considerations for Wealth
• The Third House
  Topics include: Siblings, Faith
• The Fourth House
  Topics include: The Father and His Measure of Life, Land and Property, The End of the Matter,
• The Fifth House
  Topics include: Children, The Number of Children, Pleasure
• The Sixth House
  Topics include: Health, Slaves
• The Seventh House
  Topics include: Marriage of Men, Marriage of Women, Quarrels,Partnership
• The Eighth House
  Topics include: Death, Inheritance
• The Ninth House
  Topics include: Faith, Dreams – Prophetic, Travel, Science and Learning
• The Tenth House
  Topics include: The Mother, Rank and Honor, Profession and Skills
• The Eleventh House
• The Twelfth House
  Topics include: Imprisonment and Captivity, Enemies, Domestic Animals
• The Annual Revolutions
  Topics include: Computing the Annual Revolution Using the Day and Time of Birth, Profection
• The Months
  Sub-Division into Months in the Profected Year
• The Days
  Planetary Days and Hours
• The Good Signs
  A Brief Discussion on Elections
• The Directions
  The Geographical Direction to Consider in Elections
• The Countries
  Relocation Considerations
• The Colors

Appendix A:  Ibn Ezra’s Astrological Works
Appendix B: Glossary: Astrological and Astronomical Terms Found in Moladot:. His Astrological Work
Bibliography & References

The most important things about this book are these: It is an especially clear account of the major issues of medieval natal astrology, dealing with both practical issues and important philosophical issues. Also, scattered among the text are many jewels of medieval astrological technique not covered, or not covered as well in other texts. Ibn Ezra was not only a master astrologer, he was one of the most brilliant minds ever to practice astrology. (Rob Hand)

116 Pages: Perfect-bound Paper -- Now Available

MEIRA EPSTEIN Translator
With annotations by MEIRA EPSTEIN and ROBERT HAND

Ibn Ezra: The Beginning of Wisdom
$18.95 US ISBN: 0-9662266-4-X
Translated from the Original Hebrew

The Beginning of Wisdom is a one of the most important of the basic medieval texts of astrology. Originally written in Hebrew by Ibn Ezra it was translated into old French by Hagin de Juif and thence into Latin by Peter of Abano among others. It served as the backbone to an extensive and quite complete textbook of astrology by Ibn Ezra which which also included The Book of Reasons, The Book of Nativities and others which we expect to have from Ms. Epstein over the next few years.

We can do no better to summarize the contents of Ibn Ezra's books than to give you Ibn Ezra's own introduction to The Beginning of Wisdom.

Ibn Ezra's Introduction to The Beginning of Wisdom

The beginning of wisdom is the fear of God, for it is the instruction. For when a man does not follow his eyes and heart to fulfill his [worldly] desire, then wisdom will rest in him. Moreover, the fear of God will protect him from the laws and ordinances of the heavens all the days of his life, and when his soul separates from his body, it (the fear of God) will endow him with eternity and he shall live forever. So, here I shall begin to interpret the laws of the heavens according to the rules as practiced by the ancients, generation after generation, and after I complete this book I shall compose a book of interpretation of the reasons, and to God I shall pray for help, amen.

This Book Is Divided into Ten Chapters.

• The first chapter [deals with] the form of the wheel, its parts, its signs and its images, the seven planets, their elevation, their strength, their motion, and their rulership.
• The second chapter [deals with] the influence of the signs, their ascension, their effect, the co-mixture of the [fixed] stars, and the images.
• The third chapter [deals with] the aspects of the degrees, the influence of the quadrants of the wheel, and the twelve houses.
• The fourth chapter [deals with] the nature of the seven planets, their influence, and whatever they indicate for all that are created on Earth.
• The fifth chapter [deals with] the planets, when their power increases, and when it diminishes [based on their house position and aspects].
• The sixth chapter [deals with] the strength of the planets themselves [based on their orbital motion and position], and [also] according to their position before the Sun or after it.
• The seventh chapter [deals with] the aspects of the planets and their conjunctions, their co-mixture, their separation, and the general rules regarding the mixture of their powers with one another, and all that these indicate.
• The eighth chapter [deals with] the judgment of the planets in inquiries, nativities, and revolutions.
• The ninth chapter [deals with] the lots of the planets, the lots of the houses, and all other lots that astrologers have mentioned.
• The tenth chapter [deals with] the orb of light of the seven planets, the way they are directed, and their translation over the degrees of the wheel, and what these indicate in general.
• Every learned [person] who investigates this science can observe the motion of the seven planets, that they are faster intheir motion than their motion in the superior wheel, their motion in their [own] spheres against the superior stars which are in the wheel of the zodiac, and all the motions around the solid, which is the Earth, like the point inside the circle.Then one will realize that although these motions are even and direct, their effect will vary according to the regions. This is known from the number of degrees of the wheel, its left (northern) and southern images (signs), and the knowledge of the seven planets, their nature -- general and particular -- and all their actions.

168 Pages Perfect-bound Paper -- Now Available.

MOSES MAIMONIDES, trans. by Meira Epstein
The Correspondence Between the Rabbis of Southern France and Naimonides about Astrology
$5.95 US ISBN: 0-9662266-7-4

The Correspondence is a short work which consists of two letters. The first was written by rabbis from the south of France to Maimonides and posed the question of the legitimacy of divinitory astrology and its compatibility with Jewish Law and Religion. The second letter consists of Maimonides' response. This work is an important document in the history of Judaism and its relationship with astrology because it raises some of the most fundamental objections that have been raised to astrology by its religious opponents.

21 Pages Saddle-stitched Paper -- Now Available

JOSEPH CRANE
A Practical Guide to Traditional Astrology
$20.00 US ISBN: 0-9662266-1-5

Professional astrologer, psychotherapist and teacher, Joseph Crane writes openly to modern astrologers about ideas and techniques from the past. A gifted teacher, Crane conveys the most difficult material from the late Hellenistic and medieval periods in a manner that is easy to read, understand and apply to your own charts. As our first secondary source work, A Practical Guide to Traditional Astrology is a first must read for all astrologers. Crane is empowered with an understanding of both ancient and modern technique that is difficult to master, and for this deserves much respect.

A Practical Guide to Traditional Astrology consists of an introduction plus six chapters. The first chapter, titled Traditional Planetary Dignity and Disposition, is a thorough introduction to nature and usage of the five essential dignities, both in the ancient and medieval traditions. The following is a complete listing of the table of contents of the first chapter.

The second chapter, Angles and Houses, covers the differences between ancient and modern uses of houses and pays special attention to the most ancient house system of all, still in use in Jyotish or Hindu Astrology, the whole-sign or sign-as-house system in which each sign makes up one entire house.

The third chapter, Aspects in Hellenistic and Medieval Astrology, covers the uses of aspects in both ancient and medieval astrology and reveals a number of facets of ancient aspect theory largely unknown to modern astrologers.

The fourth chapter, Planets as Significators in Ancient Astrology, reveals the role of the planets in indicating types of personality, categories of employment and many other functions which modern astrology tends to assign to signs or houses.

The fifth chapter, Planetary Sect, is a concise, yet comprehensive, introduction to the behavior of astrological symbols in daytime and nighttime births, also known as sect. Other important issues described include the symbolism of the four qualities, Dry, Hot, Wet, Cold, which are much less well known than the four elements but which are more fundamental than the elements and actually are the basis of the elements.

The sixth chapter, The Phases of the Planets, deals with one of the most difficult areas of traditional Western Astrology, the movements of the planets with respect to the Sun. The tradition is split on basic definitions and how to emply them. This chapter goes a long way to clarifying the issues involved.

Each chapter is liberally illustrated with examples from modern practice designed to illustrate the principles clearly in a way that modern astrologers can understand.

115 Pages Perfect-bound Paper -- Now Available.

DR. CHARLES BURNETT Translator
With annotations by CHARLES BURNETT, GEOFFREY CORNELIUS, GRAEME TOBYN, & VERNON WELLS
Abu Ma'shar: The Abbreviation of the Introduction to Astrology
$9.50 US  ISBN: 0-9662266-3-1
(Based on the original translations by Burnett from the Arabic published by E.J.Brill)

This is a special edition of the previous work published by Brill. Edited by Cornelius, Tobyn, and Wells under Dr. Burnett's supervision, this edition of the Abbreviation, (also known as the Lesser Introduction) has been specially prepared for the use of astrologers interested in both the techniques and their history. Extensive notes have been added to the text explaining all of the important technical terms and their history. The translation from the Arabic (which forms the basis of this edition) has been cross-referenced to the Latin translation of Adelard of Bath so as to supply portions missing from the Arabic as well to note differences between the Latin and the Arabic no doubt resulting from different manuscript traditions. This was one of the most important introductory texts for both Arabic and Latin astrologers. And it is now accessible to the astrological community.

58 Pages -- Now Available.

.JOHN GADBURY
The Nativity of the Most Valiant and Puissant Monarch
Lewis the Fourteenth King of France and Navarre. A facsimile of the 1680 edition electronically edited and enhanced.
$5.50 US ISBN: 0-9662266-6-6

The Nativity of Lewis the Fourteenth is one of Gadbury's short little handbooks in which he delineates the chart of a major personage of his period. This is a fascinating glimpse into the methods of 17th century astrologers complete with hylegs, alcochodens, primary directions, solar revolutions, etc.

This edition has been prepared from a copy of the original, but has been edited in bitmaps to repair broken letters, remove spots and spurious lines, and all of the other printing glitches that make facsimiles from this period hard to read.

36 Pages Paper -- Now Available

ROBERT HAND
Whole Sign Houses: The Oldest House System
$7.95 US

After several years of research into the oldest texts of our astrological tradition we now know what the earliest house system was. And in a way it was not a house system at all as we understand house systems. Rather, it was the signs of the zodiac, themselves, used as a house system. In this system the rising degree of the zodiac marks the sign it is located in as the 1st house. The rising sign itself thus becomes the 1st house, as we would refer to it, from its very beginning to its end, regardless of where in the sign the rising degree may fall. The next sign to rise after the rising sign becomes the 2nd house, the next sign the 3rd house, and so forth. Actually, to understand this properly, one has to know that it is not that the signs were used as houses so much as there were no houses at all, merely the signs of the zodiac used as we would use houses, with no second, separate, twelve-fold division of the chart at all. Whole Sign Houses describes this oldest way of dealing with houses, and shows how effective it can be in modern astrology, so effective in fact that the author (as well as many other students of traditional astrology) has completely given up on modern house systems not just for historical reasons but, even more importantly, because whole sign houses simply work better.

The following is the table of contents.

• Whole Sign Houses
• The Notion of Place or Topos
• The Horoscope
• "Places" Aspecting the Horoscopic Sign
• Angular Houses Versus "Malefic" Aspects
• The Origin of "Benefic" and "Malefic" Aspects
• Historical Development
• The Problem of Julius Firmicus Maternus
• The Advent of the Modern Type of House System
• A Modern Solution to the Midheaven Problem
• The Modern Practice with Whole-Sign Houses
• Whole-Sign Houses or Places Computed from Lots
• The Whole-Sign House "Cusps"
• Examples
• Conclusions
• Chart Data and Sources
• Appendix 1 -- Horary Astrology and Whole-Sign Houses
• Appendix 2 -- Glossary of Terms
• Appendix 3 -- Are Only the Major (Ptolemaic) Aspects Valid?

52 Pages -- Now Available

ROBERT HAND, translator
Johannes SchoenerThree Books on the Judgment of Nativities, Book I
$49.95 US ISBN: 978-1-934464-00-7

Schoener’s work the Three Books on the Judgment of Nativities is one of the most complete texts on late medieval natal astrology that we have, giving a detailed view of the astrological methods of the time that is rivaled by no other book of the medieval and early modern periods with the possible exception of Bonatti's ninth tractatus. This translation consists of Book I of the three books, the "basics" of natal astrology. (Books II and III will be published in another volume.) Each of the classic questions of natal astrology as formulated by Ptolemy in Books III and IV of the Tetrabiblos is addressed in enormous detail using methods derived from a variety of medieval authors, both Latin and Arabic. And in addition to an almost overwhelming wealth of detail concerning each of these questions, Schoener also lists great numbers of traditional aphorisms from the major medieval sources. This is medieval astrology as it was before it was "purged" by would-be reformers who often did not have a clear understanding of its bases.

The following is the table of contents.

• Chapter One: Concerning the Significators and Their Accidents.
• Chapter Two: Concerning the Parents and their State of Being.
• Chapter Three: Concerning the Native’s Brothers and Sisters.
• Chapter Four: Concerning Those Who Have Not Grown.
• Chapter Five: Concerning the Form, Figure and Constitution of the Body.
• Chapter Six: Concerning the Impediments and Infirmities of the Body of the Native.
• Chapter Seven: Concerning the Qualities of the Soul of the Native.
• Chapter Eight: Concerning the Impediments of the Soul.
• Chapter Nine: Concerning the Fortune and Wealth of the Native.
• Chapter Ten: Concerning the Honor and Dignity of the Native.
• Chapter Eleven: Concerning the Native’s Magistery and his Work.
• Chapter Twelve: Concerning Sexual Unions.
• Chapter Thirteen: Concerning Children and Their Relationship Toward the Parents.
• Chapter Fourteen: Concerning the Natives’s Friends and Enemies.
• Chapter Fifteen: Concerning the Natives’s Foreign Travels and Journeys.
• Chapter Sixteen: Concerning the Qualities of the Native’s Death.
• Appendix I -- Computing Antiscia According to the Opusculum.
• Appendix II -- The Computation of the Hyleg According to Alchabitius.
• Appendix III -- The Periods of the Planets.
• Appendix IV -- The Four Differentiae of Life Expectancy.
• Appendix V -- Tables of Special Degrees from the Opusculum.
• Appendix VI -- Similitude from the Opusculum.
• Appendix VII -- The Table of Essential Dignities as Given in the Opusculum.
• Appendix VIII -- Dustoria or Ductoria, as Described in the Opusculum.

248 Pages Perfect-bound Paper in a large 8.25 x 11 inch format -- Now Available

Dorian Gieseler Greenbaum, translator
Late Classical Astrology: Paulus Alexandrinus and Olympiodorus
$35.00 US

Late Classical Astrology: Paulus Alexandrinus and Olympiodorus contains works which offer the most complete look at the Astrology of late Classical Antiquity. It shows this tradition just on the verge of making the leap to the Medieval Arabic world in which it was combined with Persian and Indian traditions. From this came the synthesis that gave rise to the Astrology of Medieval Europe, the immediate ancestor of modern Western Astrology. No other body of Greek texts gives quite this view of Astrology in transition.

This is the third translation of Paulus' Introduction, but this is the first time that the work has been published along with the oommentaries of later Greek astrologers as well as the extensive commentary now attributed to Olympiodorus, a noted Neoplatonist of early sixth century Alexandria. The Olympiodorus work is itself as extensive as the Introduction of Paulus to which it was to serve as commentary. The Paulus by itself has proven to be a rather terse and unclear work which is of limited value by itself as an introdcution to late Greek astrology, but when it is combined with the scholia and the Olympiodorus Commentary, we have a much more complete description of this school of astrology.

178 Pages in a large 8.5 x 11 inch format -- Now Available

To download a printable version of this catalog

FORTHCOMING BOOKS  -- COMING LATER IN 2008

An Important New Book!
Soon to be Published!
Secrets of the Ancient Skies:
Fixed Stars & Constellations in Natal and Mundane Astrology
by
Diana K. Rosenberg

DIANA K. ROSENBERG
is one of the world’s authorities on Fixed Stars in Natal and Mundane astrology. Secrets of the Ancient Skies: Fixed Stars & Constellations in Natal and Mundane Astrology is Diana’s literary and artistic masterpiece and the result of 27 years of compiled research into people and events that shape our world. Methodically recorded with explanation and personal commentary, Diana presents the constellations with color and clarity, imagination, poetry and artwork. Her 128 star sets with 1,888 stars, Messier objects, black holes and other deep space objects give profound insight for astrological work. The book is rich in historical documentation, including famous people and events in history, science, military, storms and crashes, epidemics and catastrophes. Diana tells us what fixed stars were prominent in these events and discusses their meanings. Robert Hand calls Diana “the leading authority on Fixed Stars,” and opens the work with a foreword on the precession of the equinoxes.

“Secrets of the Ancient Skies is destined to be one of the classics in Astrology.This is a completely original work based on decades of personal research into both the astrology and mythology of the fixed stars and constellations.”

– Robert Hand

Schoener's Opusculum astrologicum w/expanded commentary and 3 Books on the Judgment of Nativities

Translated by Robert Hand

AND LATER ON!

The Complete Montulmo

THE NEXT ITEM IS INDEFINITELY POSTPONED UNTIL GRAD SCHOOL IS OVER

A New Book by Robert Hand

Signs, Dignities, Rulers and Almutens

This is an original work by Robert Hand based on his studies of ancient and medieval astrology. It is a comprehensive study of the nature of the signs, the dignities of the signs, and how these were used in ancient and medieval astrology. It covers material from the most basic issues of how the qualities of the signs were described up through essential dignities, reception, Almutens, and complex uses of the Almuten technique to cover life expectancy, and the rulership of the various areas of life including the chart as a whole. This is a new work but its material is based closely on ancient and medieval material.

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